Prav v tem telesu, prav v teh sanjah
soteriološka tehnika sanjanja v tradiciji budističnih jogijev
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35469/poligrafi.2023.403Ključne besede:
sanje v budizmu, budistični jogiji in jogini, šest dharm, joga sanj, yogācāra, vijñāna, nirvāṇaPovzetek
V prvem delu prispevka je na kratko orisana vloga sanj v zgodnjem budizmu in njihov pomen pri vzpostavljanju kontinuitete celotne tradicije. V drugem delu so predstavljeni povsem novi vidiki sanj v budističnem puščavništvu, na katerega je vplivalo tantrično duhovno obzorje, še zlasti predrugačen koncept telesa. V osrednjem delu prispevka sledi analiza soteriološke tehnike sanjanja (tib. rmi lam) v tradiciji budističnih jogijev (skrt. yogi) in jogini (skrt. yoginī), ki temelji na fragmentih mahasiddhe (skrt. mahāsiddha) Tilope, poznanih pod skupnim imenom Ṣaḍdharmopadeśa, na Gampopovih komentarjih, zbranih v razpravi Dags po'i bka' 'bum, ter na izsledkih raziskav budističnega puščavništva v pokrajini Ladakh na območju indijske Himalaje. Štiri stopnje joge sanj so predstavljene tudi v povezavi z drugimi psihofizičnimi soteriološkimi tehnikami (tj. šestimi dharmami, skrt. ṣaḍdharma, tib. chos drug). Avtorica predstavi filozofske in soteriološke temelje joge sanj na podlagi nauka o treh zavestih šole jogačara (skrt. yogācāra), pri čemer izpostavi zlasti tri modifikacije zavesti pri Vasubandhuju. V zadnjem delu je orisan pomen urjenja v tehniki sanjanja za sam proces umiranja, ki vodi v brezpogojno stanje onkraj življenja in smrti, v nirvano (skrt. nirvāṇa).
Literatura
Bulkeley, Kelly. Dreaming in the World’s Religion. A Comparative History. New York and London: New York University Press, 2008.
Carter, Ross, trans. Dhammapada: The Sayings of the Buddha. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Deleuze, Gilles, and Félix Guattari. Nomadology: The War Machine. Seattle: Wormwood Distribution, 2010.
Flood, Gavin. The Tantric Body. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC, 2005.
GRETIL. »Vasubandhu: Trisvabhāvanirdeśa.« Accessed July 22, 2023. http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/corpustei/transformations/html/sa_vasubandhu-trisvabhAvanirdeza.htm.
GRETIL. »"Vasubandhu: Vimsatikakarika.« Accessed July 22, 2023. http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/corpustei/transformations/html/sa_viMzatikAkArikA.htm.
Guenther, Herbert V., trans. The Life and Teaching of Naropa. Massachusetts: Shambala, 1999.
Heruka, Tsang Nyön. The Life of Marpa the Translator. Seeing Accomplishes All. Translated by the Nalanda Translation Committee under the direction of Chögyam Trungpa. Boulder: Prajñā Press, 1982.
Heruka, Tsang Nyön. The Life of Milarepa. Translated by Andrew Qintman. Foreword: Donald. J. Lopez, Jr. New York: Penguin Books, 2010.
Kragh, Ulrich Timme. Tibetan Yoga and Mysticism. A Textual Study of the Yogas of Nāropa and Meditation Mahāmudrā in the Medieval Tradition of Dags po. Tokyo: The International Institute of Buddhist Studies, 2015.
Mullin, Glenn H. The Practice of the Six Yogas of Naropa. Ithaca, New York: Shambala Publications, Snow Lion Publications, 2006.
Petek, Nina. “Sopotja zgodnjega puščavništva v Egiptu in Indiji [Counterparts of Early Eremitism in Egypt and India].” In Egiptovsko puščavništvo [Egyptian Eremitism], edited by Jan Ciglenečki, Franci Zore, and Nena Bobovnik, 179–203. Ljubljana: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete [Ljubljana University Press, Faculty of Arts], 2021.
Petek, Nina. Na pragu prebujenja. Svetovi sanj v budizmu [On the Threshold of Awakening: Worlds of Dreams in Buddhism]. Ljubljana: Beletrina, 2022.
Samuel, Geoffrey. Civilized Shamans: Buddhism in Tibetan Societies. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993.
Stewart, Jampa Mackenzie, trans. The Life of Gampopa. The Incomparable Dharma Lord of Tibet. Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications, 1995.
Torricelli, Fabrizio. “The Tibetan Text on Tilopa’s Ṣaḍdharmopadeśa.” East and West 46, no. 1/2 (1996): 145–166.
Torricelli, Fabrizio and Ācārya Sangye T. Naga, trans. The Life of the Mahāsiddha Tilopa. New Delhi, Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 2003.
Vaidya, Parashuram Lakshman, ed. Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā. Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Reaserach in Sanskrit Learning, 1960.
Westerhoff, Jan. Twelve Examples of Illusion. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
Open Access Policy and Copyright
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors grant the publisher commercial rights to produce hardcopy volumes of the journal for sale to libraries and individuals.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
