Tajska religija in ustreznost pojma kult
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35469/poligrafi.2022.330Ključne besede:
kult, religija, duhovi, Tajska, čaščenjePovzetek
Avtor raziskuje pojem kulta v okviru tajske religije v pomenu, v katerem se uporablja v akademskih delih (kjer je delno opredeljen kot družbena tvorba), da bi ocenil ustreznost termina kot opisne in/ali analitične kategorije v tajskem verskem kontekstu. Pri tem izpostavi elemente tajskih verovanj in praks, da bi odkril morebitne kultu sorodne besede v tajščini (wai (izkazati spoštovanje), būchā (žrtev, čaščenje), būang sūang (častiti, pomiriti) itd.). V članku je podan pregled uporabe oziroma neuporabe omenjenega pojma v aktualnih raziskavah o tajskih religijah (o čaščenju Bude, menihov, kraljev ‒ živih in preminulih, spoštovanih menihov, Rahuja, krajevnih božanstev in duhov), avtor pa predstavi tudi razširjeno rabo termina kult v raziskavah o grški in rimski religiji. Rezultati analize kažejo, da tajska religija skorajda ne pozna koncepta formalnega članstva pri ritualnih praksah, izbira oblike čaščenja pa je fluidna, saj posamezniki lahko svobodno prehajajo med skupnostmi, ki jih sicer označujemo za kulte, s čimer zmanjšujejo ustreznost samega izraza zanje. Čeprav je seveda mogoče govoriti o kultu kralja Naresuana, fluidnost tajskih religij močno razteguje parametre pojma kult kot družbene tvorbe na Tajskem.
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