Vrnitev domov: ambivalentna izkušnja sirskih kristjanov v Turčiji
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35469/poligrafi.2021.282Ključne besede:
Asirci, migracije, manjšina, Tur Abdin, vprašanje lastništvaPovzetek
V zgodnjih 60. letih prejšnjega stoletja so diskriminacija in negotove življenjske razmere v Tur Abdinu v jugovzhodni Turčiji prisilile Asirce, avtohtono etnično skupino krščanske vere tega dela države, da so začeli zapuščati svojo domovino in se izseljevati v Evropo. Migracije so se nadaljevale več desetletij in naraščale z militarizacijo vzhodnih pokrajin v boju proti Kurdski delavski stranki (PKK). Številne asirske vasi so se izpraznile. Leta 2001 je tedanji turški premier z okrožnico pozval v tujini živeče Asirce, naj se vrnejo v svojo nekdanjo domovino, in jim obljubil, da jim bo država zagotovila varnost in državljanske pravice. Na začetku novega tisočletja je bilo opaziti, da so se razmere v Tur Abdinu vidno izboljšale. K temu sta prispevala odprava izrednega stanja v vzhodnih pokrajinah Turčije in uporaba načel vladavine prava v kontekstu reform, ki so bile izpeljane v okviru procesa pridruževanja Evropski uniji. Mnogi izmed Asircev, ki so zapustili državo, so spet obiskali svoje vasi ter v njih tudi poskušali obnoviti cerkve in svoje povečini propadajoče hiše. Ključni težavi, na kateri so naleteli, sta bili vprašanji opredelitve lastništva zemlje in nepremičnin po okupaciji ter spremembe v pravni podlagi.
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