Gibanje teologije osvoboditve
Geneza, razcvet in zaton
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35469/poligrafi.2020.231Ključne besede:
teologija osvoboditve, gibanje, Pierre Bourdieu, Latinska Amerika, rimskokatoliška CerkevPovzetek
Zametki latinskoameriške teologije osvoboditve kot družbenega gibanja segajo v 50. leta minulega stoletja. Gibanje je nato počasi rastlo do svojega vrhunca v začetku 70. let 20. stoletja. Sledeč relacijski sociologiji Pierra Bourdieuja, trdimo, da so formaciji gibanja botrovali tako objektivno-strukturni družbeni pogoji kakor tudi primerna percepcija družbenih akterjev. Med ključnimi družbenimi pogoji, na katere se osredotoča prispevek, so industrializacija Latinske Amerike, institucionalna kriza latinskoameriške RKC, drugi vatikanski koncil, nastajajoča intelektualna neodvisnost celine ter izoblikovanje v Evropi in ZDA izobraženih teologov osvoboditve. Razcvetu gibanja v začetku 70. let je sledila odločna sprva notranja, nato pa tudi vatikanska konservativna restavracija, ki je v dobrem desetletju uspela uspešno zatreti gibanje teologije osvoboditve. Ob upoštevanju končne predstavitve zatona teologije osvoboditve se kot nastavek za nadaljnje raziskovanje ponudi priljubljenost binkoštnega protestantizma, gibanja, ki se opazno povečuje v zadnjih 30 letih, sočasno s pojavom neoliberalnih strukturnih reform na globalnem jugu.
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